Survival Tips: What to Do During an Earthquake Crisis?

(Photo : Florion Goga, Reuters)
Albanian Army uses remotely controlled blast to destroy an earthquake-damaged building in Durres, Albania, December 4, 2019.

As many of us already know, earthquakes are quite unpredictable. No one -- not even seismologists --  can pinpoint the exact date, location, and magnitude of an impending earthquake. 

While there are many identified "earthquake hotspots" all over the world, no one is exempted from its wrath. For instance, in November of the previous year, Albania was hit by a 6.4 magnitude earthquake. Although the country was located near a fault line, the last destructive ground jolt took place about 40 years ago.

Because of the absence of technology to predict earthquakes, California - another earthquake-prone area - launched a mobile app that can warn its user a few seconds before a strong shake surfaced above ground. This is a good initiative but is quite expensive and not every state can afford it.

But it does not mean you cannot do anything. A little knowledge about precautionary measures can make a big life-saving difference. Study the precautionary measures below and increase your chances of surviving an earthquake.

1. Arrange your home for safety

Make sure that your tall and heavy furniture and appliances like bookshelves have a strong foundation and are anchored so it will not topple over during a strong quake. Consider putting it away on places where people often stay. Same case with heavy fixtures like wall mirrors and lamps.

Flammable chemicals should be stored tightly and away from potential ignition sources like outlets, stoves, and heaters.

Learn where the main switches for gas and electricity are located. Make it accessible as possible by clearing the way. Know the fastest ways to turn those off.

Lastly, create an evacuation plan. 

2. Prepare emergency kit

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) has prepared a list of what to include in the emergency kit. But to save you from the hassle, the most important items to include are bottled water and non-perishable foods that can last up to three days, flashlight and battery-operated radio with extra batteries, dusk mask, first aid kit and the tools needed to turn off the switch, if you need any. You can also include whistle to signal for help and spare batteries for your mobile phone.

Put these items in one or two easy-to-carry containers like plastic bins or duffel bags. Then, put it in a place where you can easily grab it during a crisis.

Make sure you check it every three months to replace expired goods and medicines and adjust it according to your family's new needs.

3. Practice earthquake safety measures

Teach your family and yourself about "DROP, COVER and HOLD ON" -- stop moving and dock, crawl under a sturdy desk or next to an interior wall and cover your vital organs, and stay still until the jolting stops.

Remember to stay away from heavy objects. This is why it is suggested to anchor and put away every heavy furniture and fixture. You should also stay away from windows, fireplace, heater, and gas.

4. Know what to do during an earthquake

Aside from learning the safety measure, you should also consider other scenarios. For example, when you are cooking, turn the stove immediately and dock away from it. 

If you are outside, go to an open area where no object might fall on you. 

For those who are driving, remember not to pull over on or under bridges and overpass, which can collapse. Stay away from trees, large signs, and power lines. And of course, just stay put inside.

5. Learn the post-earthquake safety measures

The first thing that you should do is attend your injuries, even if it is not severe, to prevent infection and further damage.

Then, check your building. Evacuate for any sign of severe damages. If you can hear or smell any gas leak, open the windows and doors and evacuate outside. Remember not to use electrical appliances since it can ignite the gas.

Once outside, call help from the fire department or gas company. Or do it yourself if you are trained to do so. As always, practice the safety protocol.

If electricity is out, unplug the appliance or turn off the main switch. 

Lastly, aside from calling for help, listen to the radio for updates.

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